Artificial intelligence offers transformative economic potential. It can automate dangerous and routine labor, boost productivity, and dramatically reduce the cost of accessing high-value services like healthcare and education. But the same breakthroughs that fuel innovation may also shift value away from human labor and toward capital—benefiting those who own and control AI technologies: typically large companies, investors, and nations already in positions of strength.

Leading AI companies have been open about their ambition to build artificial general intelligence (AGI)—systems that can outperform humans in nearly all economically and strategically important tasks. These technologies will hold unprecedented leverage over industries, institutions, and global affairs. Without thoughtful approaches to competition and governance, this could lead to unhealthy concentrations of influence and decision-making authority.

This is not just a technical challenge—it’s a systemic one. As AI capabilities advance faster than existing institutions can adapt, we risk entrenching economic stratification, undermining pluralism, and creating fragile systems overly reliant on a few actors. Centralization brings efficiencies, but it also increases the stakes of failure—and the likelihood of decisions being made without broad accountability.

To meet this moment, we need to modernize our institutional frameworks to match the pace of change. That includes fostering decentralized innovation, promoting market competition, and reinforcing the principles that have long underpinned open and resilient societies. It also means creating the right incentives to ensure that AI fuels opportunity and upward mobility—not just efficiency and control.

Ultimately, AI should remain a tool to empower—not replace—people. By ensuring that its power is distributed, not monopolized, we can shape a future that is not only more technologically advanced, but also more dynamic, inclusive, and free.